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The Zwickau prophets were three men from Zwickau of the Radical Reformation who were possibly involved in a disturbance in nearby Wittenberg and its reformation in early 1522. The three men, Nicholas Storch, Thomas Dreschel and Markus Stübner, began their movement in Zwickau, Saxony. Though these three names are favored in recent scholarship,〔Harold Stauffer Bender "The Zwickau Prophets, Thomas Müntzer and the Anabaptists," MQR 27, no. 1 (Jan. 1953): 7; Olaf Kuhr, "The Zwickau Prophets, The Wittenberg Disturbances, and Polemical Historiography," MQR 70, no. 2 (Apr. 1996): 205.〕 others have been suggested. Qualben used the name "Marx" for "Dreschel,"〔Lars Pederson Qualben, History of the Christian Church rev. ed. (New York: Thomas Nelson, 1964), 239.〕 and Vedder replaced Dreschel with Marcus Thomä 〔Henry Clay Vedder, ''A Short History of the Baptists'' (Valley Forge, Pennsylvania: Judson, 1907), 148.〕 (Estep gave Stübner the middle name "Thomas."〔William Roscoe Estep, ''Renaissance & Reformation'' (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1986), 140.〕) The relationship of the Zwickau prophets to the Anabaptist movement has been variously interpreted. They have been viewed as a precursory foundation of Anabaptism before the rise of the Swiss Brethren in 1525, as unrelated to the movement except for the influence on Thomas Müntzer and as being a dual foundation with the Swiss Brethren to form a composite movement of Anabaptism.〔Bender, "Zwickau Prophets," 2-4.〕 Regardless of the exact relationship to Anabaptism, the Zwickau Prophets present a radical alternative to Luther and mainstream Protestantism as demonstrated in their involvement in disturbances in Wittenberg. ==Theology== Perhaps the most distinctive feature of the Zwickau Prophets was their spiritualism, which was that direct revelations from the Holy Spirit, not Scripture, were their authority in theological matters.〔Justo L. González, ''The Story of Christianity: The Early Church to the Present Day'' (Peabody, Massachusetts: Prince, 1999), 39〕 Another highly distinctive feature was their opposition to pedobaptism〔Albert Henry Newman, ''A History of Anti-Pedobaptism'' (Philadelphia: American Baptist, 1896), 70.〕 (Infant Baptism). Despite their rejection of pedobaptism, the Zwickau Prophets do not seem to have departed from theory to have taken the turn, which would mark Anabaptism, to practicing adult baptism of believers.〔William Roscoe Estep, ''The Anabaptist Story: An Introduction to Sixteenth-Century Anabaptism 3rd ed.'' (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1996), 20.〕 The Zwickau Prophets also held to imminent apocalypticism,〔Kenneth Scott Latourette, ''A History of Christianity'' (Peabody, Massachusetts: Prince, 1975), 720.〕 which led them to believe that the end of days would come soon. They also possibly sought a believers church,〔Vedder, ''Baptists'', 149.〕 which would be separate from the State churches of Protestantism and Catholicism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zwickau prophets」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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